Employee Training in the Age of IoT

物联网（物联网）几乎改变了制造业的各个方面。随着制造商将工业4.0技术和增加的自动化纳入其设施，专注于培训和发展员工，继续成为安全，高效的工作场所的关键组成部分。您的员工培训和安全计划是否与制造业的变化保持同步？

在工作场所将IoT设备合并为制造商提供了监视和收集数据并使用该信息来更紧密管理设施的运营和资源的机会。但是，在工作场所引入新技术可能会带来新的且仍在新兴的风险。此外training employees为了安全地使用和维护高科技设备，制造商还将希望培训员工不要盲目依赖新技术，以及在适用的情况下，如何解释和采取新设备提供的反馈。

例如，现在有可穿戴设备旨在提供对不安全做法或近端危害的直接响应。想象一下，当佩戴他们的员工对如何响应来自设备的警报的响应非常有用时，这项技术在减少事故方面有多么有效。

“IoT can offer acompetitive advantage对于制造商而言，”旅行者制造业的Erika Melander说边缘^®经理。梅兰德说：“制造商可以使用操作数据来帮助降低停机时间，提高效率，并有可能减少不安全的行动或条件。”“这确实需要花费时间来培训员工正确使用这些设备，并解释并按照他们产生的数据进行采取行动。”

物联网的风险是什么？

随着物联网的发展，机械和设备继续结合连接，有很多风险要理解。人们可能会带来最大的风险，同时可能是其最强的威慑力量，具体取决于他们为改变运营的准备好。对于制造商而言，重要的是要充分了解其设施中设备和机械的物联网功能，尤其是旨在促进安全性的功能。

对于制造商而言，确保与IOT启用机械或设备一起工作的员工了解设备的功能，其局限性以及应考虑哪些可靠性问题，例如无线连接，同样重要。这些需要培训。

Training for Safety and Understanding

Remember, management and employees may have a developed knowledge of traditional manufacturing equipment and legacy knowledge of conventional safety features. However, emerging IoT technology incorporating new or novel safety features can present new safety risks for employees. This is because they may lack familiarity with or simply misunderstand these features and the extent to which the features can or should be relied upon for safety. It’s important for management and employees to approach the adoption of new technologies with the mindset of safety and education first. Create a workplace protocol where, before implementation, training for a thorough understanding of new device features and their limitations is standard.

Consider these tips:

• 参与利益相关者。在为工厂地板定制新的IOT设备时，请考虑让利益相关者参与设备的安全有效操作。例如，聘请质量保证经理，安全经理，将使用设备的员工以及维护人员来帮助评估潜在风险并开发安全实践，这些实践可进一步用于培训他人或确定其他可能需要的保障措施或物联网安全功能失败。
• Inform Installers.Recognize that installers of IoT-enabled sensors may not be fully familiar with the plant machinery or systems that they are working with or how these are integrated into overall plant control systems. Ensuring that these third parties are knowledgeable of dependent systems may also require training. IoT-enabled equipment and machinery can present a manufacturer with a greater ability to monitor and ensure that the machinery is operating properly.
• 包括IT人员。通过合并IoT传感器，无线通信系统的可靠性对于一般监控或关键警报非常重要。因此，例如，IT人员也可能需要接受网络中断的依赖性培训。

数据见解如何推动安全性？

制造商可以利用来自IOT的设备和机械实时收集的数据和见解。物联网向制造商展示了在设备操作过程中检测维护需求和异常的潜力，包括潜在的滥用。新兴的物联网设备可能会提供新的数据和分析工具，以识别以前未知的问题领域或趋势。结果，可能需要更新预防性维护时间表或安全的工作实践说明以及相应的员工培训。将物联网数据纳入安全管理系统可以使制造商更好地了解其整体风险。

How Is IoT Improving Employee Safety?

物联网技术继续引入新的安全功能，旨在帮助确保员工的安全。其中一些功能包括：

• 可穿戴的物联网设备equipped with proximity sensors to alert employees of approaching forklifts or other heavy machinery.
• 可穿戴运动监测器可实时识别高危身体运动，以防止扭伤和菌株。
• 物联网传感器可检测疲劳水平，并在车辆或重型设备操作员昏昏欲睡时提供警报，以帮助避免事故。
• Collaborative robots, designed to work safely alongside human workers, can perform repetitive or dangerous tasks. Intelligent sensors can reduce speed and torque when the robot detects the presence of humans.

可穿戴的物联网设备还可以收集个性化数据，以建立个人员工的风险概况，以帮助确定员工可能需要额外培训以安全执行任务的领域。

“这些个性化的风险概况可以让马努facturers to be proactive with their safety training, rather than waiting for an incident,” said Melander. For example, IoT wearables worn on a job involving material handling can help reinforce what employees have learned during training, such as proper bending and lifting techniques and help determine if corrective measures are effective.

培训如何与变革保持同步？

为了帮助保持变革，制造商可以将他们的物联网计划纳入其公司安全文化，从初始定制到员工入职，再到员工的持续培训和发展，再到发布事件的响应。2017年，制造业的物联网网络连接增长了84％，比其他任何行业都多。¹Industry analysts expect growth of new technology to continue. It’s not only new hires who need training. Current employees who are learning new tasks or are new to the IoT-enabled equipment or machinery can benefit from additional training on IoT devices. Knowing how to properly and safely operate IoT equipment and machinery, as well as learning from operational data, can help manufacturers increase safety and productivity.

Sources
¹https://www.verizon.com/about/sites/default/files/verizon-2017-state-of-the-market-market-aket-iot-report.pdf